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Max McGraw Chair in Management and the Environment; Professor of Management & Organizations; Senior Associate Dean of Strategy and Academics
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Umpires are not perfect. In fact, they have predictable biases. Using the infographic below, watch how the likelihood of an umpire mistakenly calling a strike a “ball” is influenced by two factors: a pitcher’s status, and how far the pitch is from the edge of the strike zone.
To learn more about status effects, and about other factors that influence umpire calls, read the related article.
Kim, Jerry and Brayden G. King. Forthcoming. Seeing Stars: Matthew Effects and Status Bias in Major League Baseball Umpiring. Management Science.
