Best of 2020
Kellogg faculty published a wide variety of insightful research and analysis in 2020. Here's a look at some of this past year's top stories.
![meeting participants improv](/imager/clientcontent/220626/ThompsonImprov_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpeg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/220626/ThompsonImprov_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpeg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/220626/ThompsonImprov_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpeg 25w)
Organizations
Too Much Cross Talk. Too Little Creativity. How to Fix the Worst Parts of a Virtual Meeting.
Six tools from an unlikely place—improv comedy—to use on your next Zoom call.
Robyn L. Scott and Leigh Thompson
May 13, 2020
![Woman surfs web in room full of plants](/imager/clientcontent/250550/Full_1220_personalized_Marketing_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/250550/Full_1220_personalized_Marketing_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/250550/Full_1220_personalized_Marketing_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Marketing
Personalized Marketing Can Be Ineffective—and Creepy. Here Are 3 Research-Backed Tips for Getting It Right.
Simply having a compelling message isn’t enough.
Jacob D. Teeny, Joseph J. Siev, Pablo Briñol and Richard E. Petty
December 2, 2020
![A man studies a map that's different from what's ahead.](/imager/clientcontent/242254/full_0920_two_views_of_path_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/242254/full_0920_two_views_of_path_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/242254/full_0920_two_views_of_path_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Economics
White Americans Overestimate Racial Progress. But Certain Attempts to Remedy That Could Backfire.
Researchers hoped that having white participants read about racism would help them grasp the true extent of racial gaps in wealth and income. They were wrong.
Ivuoma Ngozi Onyeador, Natalie M. Daumeyer, Julian M. Rucker, Ajua Duker, Michael W. Kraus and Jennifer A. Richeson
September 2, 2020
![](/imager/clientcontent/239081/Hiring-and-diversity_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/239081/Hiring-and-diversity_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/239081/Hiring-and-diversity_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Careers
Stop Hiring for “Cultural Fit”
When you prioritize candidates you “click with,” you run the risk of discriminating against candidates from different backgrounds. Here’s how to change course.
Lauren Rivera
August 4, 2020
![people engage in conflict with swords](/imager/clientcontent/7890/Full_1120_political_sectarianism_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/7890/Full_1120_political_sectarianism_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/7890/Full_1120_political_sectarianism_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Politics & Elections
The Political Divide in America Goes Beyond Polarization and Tribalism
These days, political identity functions a lot like religious identity.
Eli J. Finkel and Cynthia S. Wang
October 29, 2020
![hospital bills pile up](/imager/clientcontent/246730/nonprofit-hospitals_2020-10-27-154444_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/246730/nonprofit-hospitals_2020-10-27-154444_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/246730/nonprofit-hospitals_2020-10-27-154444_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Healthcare
Choosing the Right Health-Insurance Plan Could Add Years to Your Life
New evidence suggests that certain Medicare Advantage plans increase life spans more than others. Here’s what the best plans have in common.
Jason Abaluck, Mauricio Cáceres Bravo, Peter Hull and Amanda Starc
October 28, 2020
![Immigrant CEO welcomes new hires](/imager/clientcontent/244316/Full_1020_Immigrant_Entrepreneur_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/244316/Full_1020_Immigrant_Entrepreneur_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/244316/Full_1020_Immigrant_Entrepreneur_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Entrepreneurship
Immigrants to the U.S. Create More Jobs than They Take
A new study finds that immigrants are far more likely to found companies—both large and small—than native-born Americans.
Pierre Azoulay, Benjamin F. Jones, J. Daniel Kim and Javier Miranda
October 5, 2020
![Team teleconference in storm](/imager/clientcontent/204876/KraemerSwirl_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/204876/KraemerSwirl_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/204876/KraemerSwirl_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Leadership
Two Principles for Leading Your Organization Through the COVID-19 Crisis
A former Fortune 500 CEO offers a way forward during this time of unprecedented uncertainty.
Harry M. Kraemer
March 19, 2020
![supply chains stretch across the globe](/imager/clientcontent/205616/ChopraSC_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/205616/ChopraSC_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/205616/ChopraSC_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Operations
The Coronavirus Has Upended Supply Chains. Here’s How Companies Can Prepare for the Next Disruption.
There are strategies that both large and small companies can implement to make their manufacturing more agile.
Sunil Chopra
March 23, 2020
![](/imager/clientcontent/212015/CalkinsStill_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/212015/CalkinsStill_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/212015/CalkinsStill_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Marketing
Four Steps Marketers Can Take to Navigate the Pandemic
Step one: Press pause. Step two: Rethink everything.
Timothy Calkins
April 8, 2020
![woman and dog look out at closed businesses](/imager/clientcontent/207698/ShutdownRebelo_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/207698/ShutdownRebelo_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/207698/ShutdownRebelo_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Policy
Containing COVID-19 Will Devastate the Economy. Here’s the Economic Case for Why It’s Still Our Best Option.
The death toll from failing to contain the virus will be far more costly to society.
Martin Eichenbaum, Sergio Rebelo and Mathias Trabandt
March 26, 2020
![A home made of dollar bills blows away](/imager/clientcontent/132795/loanrefinancing_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/132795/loanrefinancing_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/132795/loanrefinancing_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Economics
Here’s How Americans Are Spending Their Stimulus Checks
Real-time data pinpoints what we’re buying, and who’s spending the fastest.
Scott R. Baker, R Farrokhnia, Steffen Meyer, Michaela Pagel and Constantine Yannelis
May 5, 2020
![people social distance in a town square](/imager/clientcontent/248472/Full_1120_Civic_Capital_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/248472/Full_1120_Civic_Capital_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/248472/Full_1120_Civic_Capital_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Policy
One Key Trait That Predicts How Much People Will Socially Distance
This new research could help policymakers deliver more effective COVID-safety messaging.
John Barrios, Efraim Benmelech, Yael V Hochberg, Paola Sapienza and Luigi Zingales
November 4, 2020
![To maintain your personal space during a pandemic, game theory suggests that you need to be unpredictable.](/imager/clientcontent/225829/SandroniDistance_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/225829/SandroniDistance_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/225829/SandroniDistance_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Strategy
Tired of People Invading Your Six-Foot Bubble? Game Theory Has a Solution.
Well, not exactly. But it does offer a new way of thinking about the problem.
Alvaro Sandroni
June 1, 2020
![Employees happy in an office](/imager/clientcontent/228094/YoonWorkplace_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/228094/YoonWorkplace_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/228094/YoonWorkplace_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Social Impact
Some Companies Actually Do See Financial Returns on Their Social Investments. Here’s What They Have in Common.
A new study finds that ESG investments—when paired with high employee satisfaction—boost stock performance.
Kyle Welch and Aaron Yoon
June 9, 2020
![A gardener grows plants in pots.](/imager/clientcontent/227808/kellogg_investment-portfolio_01_24b460fa1ebea811277db04848c0c9ae.jpg 300w, /imager/clientcontent/227808/kellogg_investment-portfolio_01_827c6770ff3212869f8cd62919d4ad9e.jpg 150w, /imager/clientcontent/227808/kellogg_investment-portfolio_01_d790d93e6f5615a6551c6dd7531f3901.jpg 25w)
Social Impact
What Will It Take to Alleviate Global Poverty?
We asked Kellogg experts what they wish NGOs and policymakers knew about poverty reduction. Their answers touched on everything from climate change to local bankruptcy laws.
June 9, 2020